Weekly Market Update | Week 18, 2024


Key Takeaways

  • Slower Job Growth Quells Fears of Another Hike
  • Sticky Inflation Worries Also in Focus

Slower hiring boosted hopes of a late summer rate cut turning early week losses into gains. Fridays jobs report pushed the Dow Jones up 450 points, its best day in a month. This lead to a weekly gain of more than 1% on the Dow, Nasdaq, Mid-Caps and Small-Caps. Payrolls grew only 175K in April despite somewhat favorable seasonal adjustment and below the 235K consensus estimate.

The unemployment rate ticked slightly higher with the actual move up to 3.865% from 3.829%. Average hourly earnings rose 0.2% against expectations for continuation of March’s 0.3% pace. Annual growth was 3.9% and the lowest since May ’21; this was somewhat offset by shorter average workweek. Job gains notably slowed in areas such as government and leisure/hospitality (previously growth drivers) while temporary help positions declined.

Overall, analysts noted Fed likely to welcome further signs of labor market rebalancing (and worries about possible overheating should ease). But also observations while cooler jobs reports could help move Fed toward rate cuts, economic slowdown has its own ramifications for equities.

The May FOMC meeting ended with no change to the policy rate as expected, holding at 5.25-5.50%. However, Chair Powell’s press conference was seen as less hawkish than feared, notably the his comment that it’s unlikely that the next policy rate move will be a hike, and still expects the Fed to gain confidence to cut on expectations of further disinflation and a labor market coming into better balance.

This pushed stocks higher as the S&P 500 and Nasdaq erased early-week declines off of relatively dovish Fed takeaways and an April payrolls report that added some support to the soft landing theme. Treasuries also rallied across the curve amid a bit of repricing around the Fed’s rate cut path as the bar for further tightening was seemingly raised and the Fed reiterated expectations for further disinflation.

Some other pieces of the bullish narrative this week included some positive big tech earnings takeaways, data beyond payrolls showing the labor market coming into better balance, more support for the AI proliferation theme, solid China data, and easing energy prices, Earnings beat metrics remain elevated, with FactSet’s latest Earnings Insight showing Q1 EPS blended growth rate of 5.0%, up from 3.5% last week, which would be the highest since Q2-22.

April Consumer Confidence also missed, coming in at the weakest level since Jul-22. April ISM Services index printed at 49.9, below 52.0 consensus and March’s 51.4. First sub-50 reading since December 2022. New orders came in at 52.2, down from prior month’s 54.4; notes mentioned reduced orders/conversions and sales leads down.

Big jump in prices paid, registering 59.2 against March’s 53.4 (release noted 12 of past 13 months have been at or below 60). Employment moved further into contraction (45.9 vs prior 48.5), with commentary noting hiring freezes and employers not backfilling positions after reductions in force. Overall commentary leaned cautious, with some remarks about market softening and ongoing inflationary/supply chain challenges.

The Bull camp will focus on dovish Powell takeaways and softer macro data. This creates a high bar for tightening as Powell said does not think next policy move is a rate hike. Positive labor market rebalancing with JOLTS job openings lowest since February 2021. Q1 earnings beat metrics elevated and 2024 consensus has actually moved a bit higher since start of year. More support for AI secular growth theme in Q1 earnings, including via capex ramps

The Bear camp will focus on stagflation chatter and growth concerns evidenced by April ISM manufacturing and services both falling into contraction and nonfarm payrolls growth missing consensus and below 200K for first time this year. Sticky inflation worries also in focus with ISM manufacturing prices paid highest since June 2022, jump in ISM services prices paid and hotter-than-expected Q1 ECI and unit labor costs. More hints of cracks in consumer resilience theme as consumer confidence fell to lowest level in nearly two years.

Fixed Income

Yield Curve

March FOMC Statement   January Minutes   Credit, Liquidity and Balance Sheet    Federal Reserve Dot Plots

Treasury.gov yields    FOMC Policy Normalization Statement     Longer- Run Goals Jan 2024

Foreign Exchange Market

Energy Complex 

The Baker Hughes rig count was down 8 this week. There are 605 oil and gas rigs operating in the US – Down 143 from last year.

Metals Complex 

Employment Picture 

April Jobs Report –  BLS Summary  Released 5/3/2024  –  The US economy added 175k non-farm jobs in April and the Unemployment rate increased 0.1% to 3.9%. Average hourly earnings increased 7 cents to $34.75.  Hiring highlights include +56k Healthcare, +31k Social Assistance, +22k Transportation and warehousing, and +20k Retail Trade.

  • Average hourly earnings increased 7 cents/0.2% to $34.75.
  • U3 unemployment rate increased 0.1% to 3.9%. U6 unemployment rate increased 0.1% to 7.4%.
  • The labor force participation rate was unchanged at 62.7%.
  • Average work week decreased 0.1 to 34.3 hours.

Weekly Unemployment Claims – Released Thursday 5/2/2024 – In the week ending April 27, the advance figure for seasonally adjusted initial claims was 208,000, unchanged from the previous week’s revised level. The 4-week moving average was 210,000, a decrease of 3,500 from the previous week’s revised average of 213,500.

Job Openings & Labor Turnover Survey JOLTS – Released 5/1/2024 – The number of job openings changed little at 8.5 million on the last business day of March, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported. Over the month the number of hires was little changed while total separations declined to 5.2 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (3.3 million) and discharges (1.5 million) changed little.

Employment Cost Index – Released 4/30/2024 – Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 1.2% for the 3-month period ending in March 2024. Wages and salaries increased 1.1% and benefit costs increased 1.1% from December 2023. The 12-month period ending in March 2024 saw compensation costs increase by 4.2. The 12-month period ending March 2023 increased 4.8%. Wages and salaries increased 4.4 percent over the 12-month period ending in March 2024 and increased 5.0 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2023. Benefit costs increased 3.7 percent over the 12-month period ending March 2024 and increased 4.5 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2023. This report is published quarterly.

This Week’s Economic Data

PMI Non-Manufacturing Index – Released 5/3/2024 – Economic activity in the services sector contracted in April following 15 consecutive months of expansion. The Services PMI® registered 49.4 percent, 2.0 percentage points lower than March’s reading of 51.4 percent.

U.S. Trade Balance – Released 5/2/2024 –  The U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis announced that the goods and services deficit was $69.4 billion in March, down $0.1 billion from $69.5 billion in February. March exports were $257.6 billion, $5.3 billion less than February exports. March imports were $327.0 billion, $5.4 billion less than February imports. The March increase in the goods and services deficit reflected an increase in the goods deficit of $0.8 billion to $92.5 billion and a increase in the services surplus of $0.9 billion to $23.1 billion.

U.S. Construction Spending– Released 5/1/2024 – Construction spending during March 2024 was estimated at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $2,083.9 billion, 0.2 percent below the revised February estimate of $2,087.8 billion. The March figure is 9.6 percent above the March 2023 estimate of $1,901.4 billion.

PMI Manufacturing Index – Released 5/1/2024 – The April Manufacturing PMI registered 49.2 percent, down 1.1 percent from March. The manufacturing sector contracted in April after one month of expansion and following 16 consecutive months of contraction. The overall economy continued in expansion for the 48th month after one month of contraction in April 2020. The New Orders Index moved back into contraction territory at 49.1 percent, 2.3 percentage points lower than the figure of 51.4 percent recorded in March. The Production Index reading of 51.3 percent is a 3.3-percentage point decrease compared to March’s figure of 54.6 percent.

Chicago PMI – Released 4/30/2024 – Chicago PMI remained in contraction territory in April declining to 37.9 points down from 41.4 points in March. The latest reading indicated that Chicago’s economic activity contracted for the fifth consecutive month in April, and the lowest level since November 2022.

Consumer Confidence– Released 4/30/2024 – Consumer Confidence decreased in April for the third consecutive month. Expectations decreased from 74.0 to 66.4. Consumers’ assessment of the present situation declined in April from 14.8 to 142.9. Confidence retreated further in April, reaching its lowest level since July 2022 as consumers became less positive about the current labor market situation, and more concerned about future business conditions, job availability, and income.

Recent Economic Data

US Light Vehicle SalesReleased 4/26/2024 – U.S. light vehicle sales were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 15.576 million units in March.

Personal Income Released 4/26/2024 – Personal income increased $122.0 billion (0.5 percent at a monthly rate) in March. Disposable personal income (DPI)—personal income less personal current taxes—increased $104.0 billion (0.5 percent). Personal outlays—the sum of personal consumption expenditures (PCE), personal interest payments, and personal current transfer payments—increased $172.1 billion (0.9 percent) and consumer spending increased $160.9 billion (0.8 percent). Personal saving was $671.0 billion and the personal saving rate—personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income—was 3.2 percent in March.

First Estimate of 1st Quarter 2024 GDP – Released 4/25/2024 –  Real gross domestic product (GDP) increased at an annual rate of 1.6 percent in the first quarter of 2024, according to the “advance” estimate released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. In the fourth quarter of 2023, real GDP increased 3.4 percent. The increase in real GDP primarily reflected increases in consumer spending, residential fixed investment, nonresidential fixed investment, and state and local government spending that were partly offset by a decrease in private inventory investment. Imports, which are a subtraction in the calculation of GDP, increased.

Durable Goods Released 4/24/2024 – New orders for manufactured durable goods in March, up two consecutive months, increased $7.3 billionor 2.6 percent to $283.4 billion, the U.S. Census Bureau announced today. This followed a 0.7 percent February increase. Excluding transportation, new orders increased 0.2 percent. Excluding defense, new orders increased 2.3 percent. Transportation equipment, also up two consecutive months, led the increase, $6.8 billion or 7.7 percent to $95.9 billion.  Shipments of manufactured durable goods in March, down three of the last four months, decreased $0.1 billion or virtually unchanged to $282.4 billion. This followed a 1.2 percent February increase. Transportation equipment, also down three of the last four months, drove the decrease, $0.4 billion or 0.5 percent to $89.4 billion.

New Residential Sales – Released 4/23/2024 – Sales of new single‐family houses in March 2024 were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 693,000, according to estimates released jointly today by the U.S. Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. 

This is 8.8 percent (±17.2 percent)* above the revised February rate of 637,000 and is 8.3 percent (±19.5 percent)* above the March 2023 estimate of 640,000. The median sales price of new houses sold in March 2024 was $430,700.  The average sales price was $524,800.

Existing Home Sales Released 4/18/2024 – Existing home sales in March decreased 4.3% from February and fell 3.7% year over year. Existing home sales decreased to 4.19 million in March seasonally adjusted. The median price of existing homes for sale increased to a record high of $393,500.

Housing Starts– Released 4/16/2024 – March housing starts came in at 1,321,000, 14.7% below the February estimate and is 4.3% below the March 2023 rate. Building permits were 4.3% below the February rate at $1,458,000 but 1.5% above the March 2023 rate.

Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization Released 4/16/2024 – Industrial production increased 0.4% in March but declined 1.8% in the first quarter of 2024. Manufacturing increased 0.5%. Utilities output increased 2.0%. Mining decreased 1.4%. Capacity utilization increased to 78.4% in March, a rate that is 1.2% below its long-run average.

Retail Sales– Released 4/15/2024 – Headline retail sales increased 0.7% in March and are up 4.0% above March 2023.

Producer Price Index – Released 4/11/2024  The Producer Price Index for final demand increased 0.2 percent in March, seasonally adjusted. Final demand increased 0.6 percent in February. On an unadjusted basis, the index for final demand moved up 2.1 percent for the 12 months ended in March.

Consumer Price Index – Released 4/10/2024  The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers increased 0.4 percent in March on a seasonally adjusted basis, after increasing 0.4 percent in February. Over the last 12 months, the all items index increased 3.5 percent before seasonal adjustment.

Consumer Credit – Released 4/5/2024  Consumer credit increased at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 3.4 percent in February. Revolving credit increased at an annual rate of 10.2 percent, while nonrevolving credit increased at an annual rate of 0.9 percent.

This week we get data on Consumer Credit.

Disclaimer

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Data Sources: 

Conference Board Economic Indicators   Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)   Congressional Budget Office (CBO)     U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)    Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED Charts)

CME Fed Watch   U.S. Treasury – Yields   U.S. Census Bureau    Institute for Supply Management (ISM)    Weekly DOL Employment Data    BLS Monthly Jobs Report    JOLTS      All capital in one visualization 2020

US Energy Admn (EIA)   BLS Consumer Price Index CPI      BLS Producer Price Index PPIAtlanta Fed GDPNOW    NY Fed Nowcast GDP     US Census Bureau Housing Starts   U.S. Energy Admn

Consumer Credit  USCB Retail Sales   Construction Spending      Federal Reserve Dot Plots 2017   NY Empire Index    Philadelphia Federal Reserve   P/E Ratio Data -Yardeni Research

Technical Analysis Info: Koyfin.com  StockCharts.com – Financial Charts    Exponential vs Simple Moving Average

Other links: 1973 Arab Oil Embargo    Hunt Brothers Silver    Asian Contagion   Long-Term Capital bailout